jasper natural language toreads
- the 8 parts of speech recognized in English (noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, and interjection)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_class#Functional_classification
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_word_classes , noting "Different languages have different word classes as open class and closed class – for example, in English, pronouns are closed class and verbs are open class (see for example the contentious topic of gender-neutral pronouns in English and how common verbing is), while in Japanese, pronouns are open class, while verbs are closed class – to form a new verb, one suffixes 〜する (-suru, "to do") to a noun – for example, "to exercise" is 運動する – "to do exercise"."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adposition#Semantic_classification
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determiner_%28class%29
- (articles, quantifiers, demonstrative adjectives, and possessive adjectives)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic (a special compact form to apply to phrases, i guess)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_aspect
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_particle
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure_word
- what is the procedural and objective attributes of persian verbs? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preverb#Modern_Persian
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronoun#Kinds_of_pronouns
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tense%E2%80%93aspect%E2%80%93mood
- subject, object, indirect object
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_category
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_mood
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_tense
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_aspect
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_modality
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_modality#Modal_Categories
assembly
what does a typical assembly instruction sound like as an English sentence?
"Subtract 3 from register 7"
- imperative mood
- the subject is assumed to be 'you'
- the object is the first operand
- the second operand is in a propositional phrase, but semantically this is sort of like an indirect object ("Give Bobby the teapot" is like "Add Accumulator a +7")
imperative mood and computer programs
languages like Haskell that are all expressions, and declarative languages like SQL, may seem to be indicative mood but the catch is that they only indicate things that they know how to compute imperatively, e.g. if you say "z = x + y" this is like English "z is the sum of x and y", which is imperative, but note that "the sum of x and y" has a semantic relation to the imperative "add x and y". so semantically these aren't really that different from imperative languages with variable assignment. the reason is probably that the whole idea 'computation' restricts us to things that are computable. E.g. you don't generally see so-called declarative or expression-based languages providing constructs for indicating uncomputable 'y is the halting-ness of program P'.
languages like Prolog are more 'truly declarative'/'truly indicative mood'. Also, truly declarative stuff is embedded in imperative languages inside data. String1 = 'Bob' is truly declarative. Most languages separate 'data' and 'instructions' (indicative and imperative) but Prolog embeds instructions in data.