notes-computer-programming-programmingLanguagesBook-programmingLanguagesPartTargetLanguages

Table of Contents for Programming Languages: a survey

Intermediate languages

There are many languages whose goal is not to be a good language for humans to write or read code in, but rather to be a good language for a compiler or interpreter to target.

TODO: separate this section into 'implementation tours' in the implementation section, and purely target language tours, here.

Chapter : a tour of some language implementations

Go

Haskell: GHC

• http://www.scs.stanford.edu/11au-cs240h/notes/ghc-slides.html
• http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:zDvHNEwVmusJ:www.scs.stanford.edu/11au-cs240h/notes/ghc-slides.html&client=ubuntu&hl=en&gl=us&strip=1
• https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/Commentary/Compiler
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Haskell_Compiler
• http://blog.llvm.org/2010/05/glasgow-haskell-compiler-and-llvm.html

Python: CPython

http://docs.python.org/devguide/compiler.html

Python: PyPy

PyPy? is a reimplementation of Python in RPython.

RPython is a restricted subset of Python, with restrictions on dynamic typing, reflection, and metaprogramming to enable type inference at compile time.

PyPy? is also a compiler for RPython, which adds in JIT analysis. The RPython compiler is written in Python.

Then the PyPy? Python interpreter is written in a mixture of Python (for slow initialization) and RPython (for the fast part) (i think?). This way the JIT analysis is applied to the result. I think? Not sure I understand.

I think it provides an extension API called CPyExt?, not sure though.

RPython:

• http://www.toptal.com/python/why-are-there-so-many-pythons
• http://www.aosabook.org/en/pypy.html
• http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/translation.html#overview
• http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/faq.html#the-rpython-translation-tool-chain
• http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/getting-started-dev.html
• http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/coding-guide.html#id1
• http://code.google.com/p/rpythonic/ (for using RPython as a standalone programming language)

Perl6: Rakudo

Perl6 source code is parsed and the parse tree is annotated by firing "action methods" during parsing. The annotated AST is called a QAST. The QAST is then compiled to a virtual machine bytecode. Various virtual machines are planned to be supported, include Parrot, JVM, and MoarVM?